On the morphology, biometry and biogeography of Lamtopyxis callistoma (Amoebozoa: Arcellinida)

The ultra-structure of the shell and the morphometric variability of soil inhabiting testate amoeba Lamtopyxiscallistoma from Madagascar were studied by using light- and scanning electron microscopy. The biometrical characteristic of the species was made on the basis of 75 specimens measured. In addition to the diameter of the shell, six other shell characters were described biometrically for the first time. The analysis of the variation coefficients shows that the studied population of L.callistoma is comparatively homogeneous and almost all measured characters are weakly to moderate variable (CV less than 10%). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies on the shell ultra-morphology show that it has a smooth apertural surface with a thick layer of porous and fibrous organic cement and a rough dorsal surface composed of bigger and angular pieces of quartz. The shell wall has a thickness of about 5-6 µm and is composed of three layers. Unlike the previously accepted opinion that species is characterized by the presence of four teeth, this study shows that population of L.callistoma from Madagascar is comprised of both, specimens with four teeth and specimens with three teeth, in ratio of about 60% to 40%. Taking into account the restricted geographical distribution, large sizes and characteristic apertural morphology of L.callistoma it is assumed that this species, like some bryophilic 'Nebelas' with circumaustral distribution (e.g. Apoderavas, Alocoderacockayni, Certesellacertesi, Certesellamartiali, etc.), can be used as an example that in free-living microbial eukaryotes 'not everything is everywhere'.